The Philosophy of St. Augustine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Philosophy of St. Augustine - Essay Example As such, St. Augustine himself brought the ‘City of God’ to proposition, synthesizing conception of justice and state under Plato’s theory or that it occurs rather disposed to resemble it. Since ‘justice’ is an entity on which the ‘state’ must be founded, its presence is essential in determining how a good kingdom is like or should be. For St. Augustine, the applicability of justice in this sense may be extended to the measure of happiness for the ruler within a state or kingdom. He concretizes moreover: â€Å"For neither do we say that certain Christian emperors were therefore happy because they ruled a long time, or dying a peaceful death ... or subdued the enemies of the republic ... But we say that they are happy if they rule justly.† On a biblical context, St. Augustine claimed that rulers can satisfy being just if they are capable of delaying punishment yet are ready to pardon and if they necessitate having to employ such pun ishing act upon the government in favor of defending the republic. In ‘The Republic’, this well coincides with Plato’s argument explicating that the elements namely – reason, appetite, and spirit must consist in justice just as they must in state (Ebenstein & Ebenstein, 1990). According to St. Augustine, two cities emerge out of love of self or the earthly love and love of God or the heavenly love. While the love of self is sought based on the approval of men, regardless of God’s judgment, the love of God exists in an individual who primarily seeks God’s glory despite harsh criticisms by other men. As a consequence, the earthly city is composed of nobilities and subjects that are governed by the exercise of authority where pleasing the state seems to form the sole basis and cause either of anxiety or of contentment among people. In the heavenly city, however, it is the Lord’s command that matters most for the people who fear or delight in following his will. The truth behind divine forces or the ways by which God communicates to men in the city of God may, to a certain extent, raise doubts requiring support via evidences that are less abstract than intangible conviction, Nevertheless, St. Augustine’s proposition quite matches the remarkable portion of world history when kingdoms indeed found triumph over all others because they, rulers and subjects alike, had hopes that rested highly on God’s power to vanquish the enemies. When St. Augustine further elaborates that the absence of human wisdom enables godliness and genuine worship of God in the heavenly city, such idea may be perceived to bear consistent thought and agreement with the conception of justice in state. A godly nation with a just king or emperor discerns justice that places no distinction between the rich and the poor or the strong and the weak, only between right and wrong by sensible law, for by the fundamental meaning of the term, it is intended to be carried out at times unjust situations transpire. With the city of God, this condition especially holds for the Lord is considered the supreme being so that all else under him are made equal with each other in view of justice and its righteous function as God himself exhibits no partiality in rendering proper justice on anyone through Christian faith. Much as St. Augustine distinguished between the two cities with opposing characteristics he more so argued about the two types of man

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 45

Case Study Example The first stage is the creation or the birth of the organization. This stage often starts with entrepreneurship where the organization appreciates and acknowledge the existence of customers who leads to the business activeness. The second stage is the survival of the organization that leads to the growth. At this stage, organizations often establish frameworks and development capacities. These are usually achieved through set targets and sufficient revenues that they use for survival and expansion. Notably, some organizations often move to the next stage from the survival stages while others often collapse. From survival, organizations move to maturity stage where they enter into a formal hierarchical management. At this stage, organizations never focus on expansion but effective operation and management. The maturity stage is characterized with the linear systems since organizations often tend to remain at this stage for long time and they conduct same operational practices repeatedly thereby making these practices routine operations (Özbilgin and Malakh-Pines, 2007). From the maturity stage, organizations often follow to decline and eventual die. Most of the organizations that often decline and die after reaching maturity stage are those that were supported by governments or those that have been affected by changes in political

Measuring Success for Riordan Essay Example for Free

Measuring Success for Riordan Essay With the goal of realizing sustainability for the shareholders, Riordan Manufacturing is working towards a growth strategy that will further expand operations globally. Expansion of business outside of the United States and Hangzhou, China will help Riordan gain brand recognition and claim greater market share within their industry. Global operations will also help to streamline shipping processes to overseas customers, and reduce wasted hours and expenditures. With a strategy drawn up and the implementation ready to begin, Riordan Manufacturing needs to realize that progress needs to be tracked. Certain measurement techniques and assessment protocols should be in place to verify that the strategy is implemented properly. In this paper measurement guidelines will be given that will verify strategy effectiveness, assessment and feedback ideas will be outlined, and plans for strategy alterations will be defined. The evaluation and control process ensures that the company is achieving the desired goals and objectives that it is set out to accomplish. In order to setup the most appropriate evaluation process, there are many guidelines for measurement that should be considered. Cost effectiveness, relevance, and validity are attributes that should be considered when measuring outputs and outcomes. A measure is cost effective is the control and information it provides outweighs the cost of producing the data (Governor’s Office of Budget and Planning and Legislative Budget Board, 1992). The measure should also be relevant in that it relates to the company’s goals, objectives and strategies. This information should be used for assessment and decision making as well. In regards to validity, the measure should collect all information that directly relates to the scope of the process or project. All other non relevant information should be filtered and discarded to achieve the results intended. The management team of Riordan Manufacturing needs to determine the specific implementation process to be used and what results will be monitored and evaluated. In addition, the management team will be responsible for setting standards of performance used to measure performance that are detailed expressions of strategic objectives (Wheelen Hunger, 2010). Return on investment (ROI) and earnings per share (EPS) are considered to be appropriate measures that Riordan Manufacturing should use in order to determine if the company is reaching their profitability objectives. These measures are limited in that they do not display real time information and instead focus upon what has already happened. In order to combat this, steering control are used to measure variables that influence future profitability (Wheelen Hunger, 2010). Since Riordan Manufacturing is looking to increase the effectiveness of its customer service, customer satisfaction should be used as one of the company’s steering controls. Customer satisfaction can be measured through scores on the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) or through of process of comparing the total amount of sales with the amount of customer service requests and the time spent dealing with the customer’s problem. This measurement will have a direct impact upon the quarterly profits of the company.

From Roswell to Dreamland :: essays papers

From Roswell to Dreamland Are we alone in the universe? This has been a common question in modern day. It is very difficult to prove that extraterrestrials exist. However, the evidence to prove that the earth has been visited is very convincing. The Roswell incident in 1947 is one event that proves the existence of extraterrestrials. Another piece of important evidence that proves the existence of UFO's is Bob Lazars testimony of his experience working in the US secret base at Area 51. The earth has been visited by intelligent life because of the witnesses and evidence behind the story of Roswell and Area 51. On July 2nd, 1947, Jim Ragsdale was camping on a three day weekend when he saw an object "as bright as a welding torch" pass through the sky and strike the ground a few miles away. Corporal E.L Pyles saw the same thing from a military compound just outside of town. Shortly after, William Brazel found strange pieces of wreckage on his massive ranch 75 miles outside of Roswell. The newspapers were already running the story Jim Ragsdale and Corporal Pyles told of the bright light in the sky, so William knew that he had found wreckage of a "flying saucer." On July 6th, he drove to Roswell with some of the debris and he showed it to the Chaves County Sheriff, George Wilcox. After examining the debris, Sheriff Wilcox contacted Major Jesse Marcel at The Roswell Army Air Field. Marcel and is commanding officer Colonel William Blanchard both inspected the debris. They both agreed that it was nothing like they had seen before, and went to the ranch to collect more of the debris. On July 8th, Marcell and Blanchard returned with two carloads of debris. The wreckage was then flown to Fort Worth Army Air Field. At noon on July 8th 1947, Blanchard ordered a press release telling the country that the army had found remains of a crashed flying saucer. Only a few hours later, General Clemence McMullen in Washington spoke by telephone with Colonel Thomas Dubose in Fort Worth, and told him to "squash" the saucer story, create a cover story, and immediately send some of the debris to Washington. Later that evening, a press conference was held in which they announced that what had crashed was a weather balloon and not a flying saucer. All of the debris, including one very large piece that appeared to still be operable, was collected and never seen again.

Mang-Inasal

Mang Inasal Philippines is the Philippine's fastest growing barbeque fast food chain, serving chicken, pork barbeque and other Filipino favorites, was first established on December12,2003 in Iloilo City. It operates quick service. It specializes in chicken inasal an various pinoy products. The company’s menu include pinoy palamigs, pinoy and keso burger, beef singangs, and bangus sinigangs. And they also serve pork barbeque and other Filipino favorites.Mang Inasal, innovation is important because competition in the fast food industry is very tight. Product innovation is a must as it adds value to the company since products are being offered to the market for attention, acquisition orconsumption that may satisfy a need or want. In this case product innovation is done toget the attention of customers and most especially the non-customers of the company sothat they will have a chance to steal some market share of their competitors.As the saying goes, â€Å"the test of the puddin g is in the eating. † It is imperative for Mang Inasal, being in the fast food industry, to offer its customers with good food. They must thenmake sure that the taste, which the customers have grown accustomed, should bemaintained and standardized, to keep the customers hooked and coming back for more. Freshness and quality of ingredients should also be maintained as part of maintaininghigh standards with their products.Pricing also is an important to consider given that thetarget market of Mang Inasal is considered to be price sensitive. Any sudden and drasticchange in price might push the customers to find other food providers. And in theindustry that Mang Inasal is in, there many others than can provide Mang Inasal customers with other alternatives. It must then be ensured that products of Mang Inasal are priced in a way that highlights value at the same time, still affordable to its customers. The improvements and innovation in the product and services must be continuous.

Another Failure Of The Secretariat Was That The Unamir

Another failure of the Secretariat was that the UNAMIR mission was not supplied with enough resources. (1) The stats of their mission meant that they were only able to â€Å"monitor,† â€Å"assist,† and â€Å"investigate.† Although General Dallaire attempted to get cables through asking for changes in the mission’s mandate and a request for more troops to prevent a massacre, he was in instead given unclear or simple no directions. (11) This left the force unable to defence civilians, and themselves, and gave the Blue Helmets absolutely no chance to stop the killings from occurring. (2) The International community failed to provide what they stated would accompany the UNAMIR mission, which even before this failure would not have been equipped to handle a†¦show more content†¦(6) The reason a mission was sent in is because few countries were aware of the long and strenuous history between the Hutus and Tutsis, and believed that the Rwanda situation could successfully transition from civil war to multiethnic democracy. (2) Although the mission could have actually succeeded, the main countries who actually failed Rwanda and were the demise of UNAMIR were members of the Permanent 5 in the Security Council. There are three members of the P5 in the Security Council that can be closely linked to the failure in Rwanda by the United Nations. It was very evident that aid could have been sent in because troops were sent into Rwanda to evacuate foreign expatriates, but the severe lack of political will to volunteer in order to protect Rwandan civilians became very apparent. (8) The first nation state that can be linked to this failure is the United States of America. Because of the failure that the United Nations had had in Somalia, the US had very little intention of entering another mission that did not meet their national or geopolitical interest. Once it was decided that a mission needed to be sent into Rwanda, both the United States and the United Kingdom advocated for the least expensive force that could be mustered, and these economic shortcomings ended up proving incredibly fatal. (8) Boutros Boutros-Ghali requested that 5000 troops be sent into Rwanda, but the United States then advoc ated strongly againShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis and Evaluation of the United Nations Peacekeeping Role in Rwanda2919 Words   |  12 PagesAn Analysis and Evaluation of the United Nations Peacekeeping Role in Rwanda Rwanda is the most shameful example of recent failure by the international community (House of Commons, 1998/99: v). Under the peacekeeping leadership of UN more than 800,000 people were killed in less than 100 days in 1994 (Shawcross 2000). This systematic killing remains a bitter memory for all who witnessed and survived it. Rwandans killed Rwandans, decimating the Tutsi population of the Read MoreInternational Community Is Culpable For The Rwandan Genocide1376 Words   |  6 Pageswhich was ratified by the UN some years following the Rwandan genocide, as the UN’s attempt to prevent the mistakes of Rwanda and other genocides. â€Æ' Background – Three Reasons for the International Community’s inaction in the Rwandan Genocide I feel that the international community is culpable for the Rwandan genocide and will focus on the three reasons for this inaction. First, inaction was due to national interests. As an example, the US decided not to take action in Rwanda as there was no perceivedRead MoreU.s. Foreign Policy : The Game Of Plausible Deniability1625 Words   |  7 Pagessection of my paper, the U.S. was spread across the globe in several conflicts. The U.S. had forces in Haiti, Somalia, the Balkans, and the middle East, so when the bloodshed began in Rwanda, the U.S. was not eager to extend it resources to another battle. John Shattuck, Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights stated, â€Å"Bosnia was in one of its real crisis modes. The Europeans didn’t want to authorize American air strikes for fear that it would endanger troops, and US was not about to authorize anyRead MoreGenocide in Rwanda: international response3465 Words   |  14 PagesTutsi and moderate Hutu were killed in the Rwandan genocide. It was the fastest, most efficient killing spree of the twentieth century. My thesis is that the international community utterly failed to prevent and stop this atrocity. I will focus on numerous interconnected aspects that led to international inaction and also on the main actors, Belgium, the United Nations Secretariat, the United States and France, that knew that there was genocide underway in Rwanda - therefore, they had a responsibilityRead MoreThe United Nations ( Un ) And The International Monetary Fund1874 Words   |  8 Pagessystem’. Most of the planning of the design and structure of the UN was done by the Americans and the British. It is an international organization designed to promote international law, security, human rights, economic and social progress. 1Their main objective is to make the enforcement of such easier for people all around the world. It comprises of 193 member countries and its headquarters is in New York. This organization was expected to be a political body controlled by the Great Powers (USARead MoreUnited Nations Role in Conflict Management in Africa: a Case Study of Darfur11729 Words   |  47 Pagesinto violent conflicts. Violent conflicts have devastating effects on individuals and their societies. It was the horrified effect of First World War that led to the creation of the League of Nations. The failure of the League to prevent another war and the bitter lessons of the Second World War fostered the transformation of the League of Nations into the United Nations (UN). The United Na tions was charged with the maintenance of world peace, develop good relations between countries, promote cooperation

Economic Systems And The Economic System - 808 Words

Throughout homo sapiens evolution tribes managed resources the most efficient ways possible (given their acute primitiveness). For those thousands of years as tribes, they expanded their intellects and became less self-reliant, moving away from hunting and gathering. Humans started to invent new technologies that made their lives easier; thus, individuals specialized in producing or providing these goods and services to fellow tribe members. As they cultivated ever more superior technologies the standard of living grew. This gave way to exponential population growth, towns, cities, kingdoms, and empires were established. Macroeconomics arose as societies devoted time and energy into governing their factors of production and maximizing†¦show more content†¦In addition, the buyer and seller consider their own personal gain when exchanging, thus, self-interest is the motivating force in the free market. The struggle among producers for the dollar of consumers is competiti on; it is the regulating force behind the free market. Competition pushes businesses to produce goods of higher quality and moderate their desire to raise prices. To summarize, the free market elevates the standard of living, economic efficiency, economic freedom, and economic growth. Nevertheless, a free market system’s shortfall is that it cannot achieve economic equity and economic security easily. Consequently, the centrally planned economy exists to achieve the weaknesses of the free market. In a centrally planned economy, the government, rather than individual producers and consumers, answers the key economic questions. The government controls all factors of production and directs workers to produce a certain number of goods. Command economies oppose private property, free market pricing, competition, and self-interest. However, command economies do not perform well in practice, lacking logistics to coordinate an entire economy, reducing efficiency and economic gr owth. Thus, countries with central command are going through an economic transition into mixed economies. Mixed economies are a market-based economic system in which the government is involved to some extent; the governmentShow MoreRelatedEconomic System And Economic Systems910 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent economic system,which are known as centrally planned economy, mixed economy, and market economy. I will also be explaining why internationalizing firms should be aware of the differences between all three economic systems and what roles should the government be taking in the free market systems. Before I begin defining the different economic systems I would like to first explain what an economic system is. Every country differs in what economic system is being used. An economic system is a systemRead MoreEconomic Systems And Economic System1961 Words   |  8 PagesAn economic system governs how a society’s resources are allocated between people, and so the question o f its morality is immensely important (Winfield, et al, 2014). This essay will analyse the different economic systems by considering the two economic systems that fall on the extreme ends of the spectrum of economic systems, these being capitalism and socialism. It will further discuss the characteristics of each of these economic systems and based on these, argue that the mixed economy is theRead MoreEconomic Systems And Economic System2099 Words   |  9 PagesEconomic system â€Å"Economic system is that it consists of those situations which a given people or nation has nations has chosen or accepted as the means through which resources are utilized for the satisfaction of human wants.† (studylecturenotes.com, 2016) Economic system allows countries to follow procedure to produce goods using resources available in the countries. It allows the countries to know how much and for whom to produce. There are different types of economic systems in different countriesRead MoreEconomic System1923 Words   |  8 PagesMicroeconomics Paper: Economic systems Yang Cong Professor Memmos Aug 1st, 2012 Table of Contents 1, Introduction of economic systems 2, the analysis of capitalism 3, Example of capitalism: the U.S. 4, the analysis of socialism 5, Example of socialism: China 6, the analysis of communism 7, Example of communism: North Korea 8, my favorite one is socialism 9, Conclusion There are three main economic systems in the world which are capitalism, socialism and communism. Nowadays, mostRead MoreEconomic Systems1122 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Economic systems are organized way in which a state or nation allocates its resources and apportions goods and services in the national community. An economic system is slackly defined as country’s plan for its services, goods produced, and the exact way in which its economic plan is carried out. There are three types of economic systems exist, they are command economy, market economy, and mixed economy. Command economy is also sometimes called planned economy. The expectationsRead MoreMixed Economic Systems760 Words   |  4 PagesEconomic system of a country Identify and evaluate the economic system that Malaysia is adopting. Discuss the rationale of Malaysia’s economic system in terms of utility maximisation and pricing mechanism for distribution of goods and services. An economic system is the combination of the various agencies, and entities that provide the economic structure that defines the social community. Malaysia has adopting mixed economic systems. Mixed economic system is an economy where there is moreRead MoreAssignment on Economic System1839 Words   |  8 PagesAn economic system is the combination of the various agencies, entities (or even sectors as described by some authors) that provide the economic structure that defines the social community. These agencies are joined by lines of trade and exchange along which goods, money etc. are continuously flowing. An example of such a system for a closed economy is shown in the flow-diagram. The economics system involves production, allocation of economic inputs, distribution of economic outputs, landlords andRead MoreMoral Economic System537 Words   |  2 PagesIntroduction Creating a moral economic system should be the ultimate goal of every society. A moral economy is one that is founded on the principles of justice, fairness and goodness. A moral economic system ensures equitable allocation of resources which are scarce in nature and configures markets to ensure that they run fairy. The end results are to realize a stable economy that is free from exploitation, political insecurity and wars. A moral economic system fosters peace and satisfaction amongRead MorePolitical and Economic System1250 Words   |  5 PagesSpain Analysis of the Political and Economic Systems Table of Contents I. Introduction (abstract) II. Political System a. Type of Political System b. Structure of the Government c. Identify a current law/policy law d. Impact on society III. Economic System a. Type of economic system b. Identify a current economic issue c. Government role in address the issue d. Impact on society IV. Compare Contract a. Economic issue country of origin V. Conclusion Read MoreEconomic Systems Essay1117 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Economic systems are organized way in which a state or nation allocates its resources and apportions goods and services in the national community. An economic system is slackly defined as country’s plan for its services, goods produced, and the exact way in which its economic plan is carried out. There are three types of economic systems exist, they are command economy, market economy, and mixed economy. Command economy is also sometimes called planned economy. The expectations